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BOOK OF REFERENOF. 



I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. # 

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I UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. | 



CENTENNIAL 



BOOK OF REFERENCE, 



rUI'.LISIIKD BY 



Benjamin F. Lewis, 



PHILADELPHIA. - 



REED & HEMPHILL, BOOK AND JOB PRINTERS, 

S. E. Cor. 10th and Market Sts. 






Entered According to Act of Congress, in tlic Year 1875, by 

BENJAMIN F. LEWIS, 
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 



CONTENTS. 



Preface. 

Philadelpliia. 

The Old State House. 

Chief Officers of the United States Grovernmeiit, from 1774 to Ih77 

Centennial. 

The Streets. 

Railway Directory. 

Railway Depots. 

Ferry Companies. 

Places of Interest. 

Height of Several Steeples, Towers, etc. 

Public Squares, 

Places of Amusement. 

Principal Meeting Places of the Leading Secret Orders. 

Hotel Accommodations, 

pallendar for 1876. 



PREFACE. 



Feeling that strangers who will visit riiiladel- 
phia during the progress of the International Ex- 
hibition, in commemoration of the Centennial 
Anniversary of American Independence, will need 
a guide, I have prepared this book of reference. 
It will show how well we are able to accommodate 
as well as entertain all who will come to this City of 
" Brotherly Love." ISTo one should neglect to visit 
this Exposition, which promises to be one of the 
greatest, both in extent of space covered and va- 
riety of Exhibits, the world has yet witnessed. I 
have endeavored to give you a book that will make 
strangers familiar with all places of interest and 
amusements, as well as our Hotel accommodations 
and Kailway facilities. There are blank pages for 
those who wish to note any thing of importance 
that may attract their attention, which will be to 
them a pleasant reminiscence in after years. 



PHILADELPHIA, 



The- City of Philadelphia was founded in 1682-3, 
Ijy William Penii, who with a colony of Friends, 
had come to America to settle a tract of land, 
granted to him by King Charles II, in payment of 
a debt due by Government to his father. Before 
attempting any overt acts of sovereignty, however, 
Penn acknowledged and purchased the rights of 
aborigines, and thus sigiialized his arrival by an 
act of equity, which made his person and his prin- 
ciples, equally beloved. In drafting the plan of his 
American City, Penn is supposed to have in view 
the celebrated City of Babylon, which he certainly 
imitated in tlie regularity of the streets, and which 
he seemed desirous to emulate in size. In 1701, 
however, the plan was much contracted, and the 
city was declared to be bounded by the " two rivers," 
Delaware and [Schuylkill, and Vine and (Cedar) 
South streets, as the north and south l^oundaries. 

The first Charter was granted by William Penn, 
the Proprietary of the Colony, now State of Penn- 
sylvania, on the 25th of October, 1701. The suburbs, 
as populations extended, being divided into Dis- 
tricts, as Spring Garden, Korthern Liberties, Ken- 
sington, South wark, Moyamensing, West Philadel- 
phia, cSdc, which, in 1850, contained nearly twice as 
many inhabitants as the city proper. 



The act of Consolidation, entitled " A further 
supplement to an Act, entitled an Act to incorporate 
the City of Philadelphia, united all these districts to 
the old city proper, and extended the jurisdiction of 
the (Jity, over the entire County of Philadelphia, 
This Act was passed February 2d, 1854. Several 
supplements have since been passed, which it is not 
necessary to notice here. The consolidated City of 
Philadelphia, as novv^ chartered, embraces an extent 
of surface having an area of 129i square miles, or 
82,700 acres. Its length is 23 miles ; average width. 
5i miles. The population of Philadelphia, in 1870 
(which was the last census taken), was 674,022. 



11 

The foUowinaf interesting accounts of this time- 
honored building-, is deemed sufficiently important 
for insertion here, as matter of public information : 

The province of Pennsylvania had no legislative 
liall or public building, for the use of its officers, 
and as years rolled on, and the province increased in 
population, the necessity of some such accommoda- 
tion became pressing. The first movement in favor 
of the establishment of a permanent house for the 
Provincial Legislature, took place in February, 
1729, when a petition was presented to the Assem- 
bly, by citizens of Philadelphia, asking that the City 
and County should be empowered "to build a market 
and State House, in Market street, near the prison." 
This petition was laid on tlie table, but the sugges- 
tion was adopted. An Act was passed on the 10th of 
May, 1729, "for emitting of thirty tliousand pounds 
in bills of credit, for the better support of Government 
and the trade of this province," and in that law was 
an appropriation of £2,000 for the purpose of build- 
ing a State House, to Andrew Hamilton the Speaker, 
Thomas Lawrence, and Jolnn Kearley, as trustees. 
N'othing was done in relation to the matter, until 
October, 15, 1730, wlien William Allen, on behalf of 
the trustees, bouglit a lot on the south side of Cliest- 
nut street between Fifth and Sixth streets ; (a 
lot at the southwest corner of Fith and Chest- 
nut streets), and a lot on Fiftli street, about 
half way from Cliestnut street, togetlier witli four 
ground-rents, on Chestnut street and Fifth street. 
These purcliases included ground beginning at Fifth 
street, and extending along Chestnut street to an- 
other lot, bounded on Sixth street. Matters thus 



12 

rein lined until Febi-uary and June, 1732, wiien by 
two purchases, the lot southeast corner of Sixth and 
Ciiestnut streets, and a lot on Fifth street were 
bought, which gave to the trustees a piece of ground 
extending from Fifth to Sixth streets, and south- 
wardly, half way to Walnut street. On the centre of 
this lot, fronting on Chestnut street, the State House 
seems to have been commenced in the summer of 
1782. On the 8th of August, it was moved in the as- 
sembly, '^ that the ground on which the State House 
is now to be built^ be vested in trust in some body 
politic and corporate, capable of succession, who may 
be compelled to execute that trust in such manner as 
shall be directed by the General Assembly, for the 
time being," This was deferred for further consid- 
eration. The architect who prepared the plan of 
this venerable building, was Andrew Hamilton. It 
is probable that the Assembly first occupied the State 
House, at the session commencing October, 1735. The 
adjoining buildings^ called Province Hall, were 
nearly completed in January, 1734. Up to this time 
the property had been held by Hamilton & Allen, 
upon the confidence thaf they would act properly ; 
but enough money had been expended on the State 
House, to render it a prudent matter to have some 
further assurance. Accordingly, an Act of Assembly 
was passed February 21, 1736, desiring Andrew Ham- 
ilton and William Allen to convey the State House 
lot and building, to John Kinsey, Joseph Kirkbride, 
Caleb Copeland, and Thomas Edwards, intrust "to 
and for the use of the representation of the freemen 
of the Province which now are, and from time to 
time hereafter, shall be duly elected by the freemen 



13 

aforesaid, and to and for such other uses, intents, 
and purposes, as they the said rei)resentatives at any 
time or times thereafter, in general assembly met, 
shall direct and appoint. Provided, always, and it 
is liereby declared to be the true intent and meaning 
of these presents, that no part of the said ground 
lying to the south of the State House, as it is now 
built, be converted into, or made use of for erecting 
any sort of building thereupon, but the said ground 
shall be enclosed and remain a public green and walk 
forever. " This Act v/as not literally complied with. 
Hamilton, by his will, directed his heirs to execute 
tlie trust. Allen made some deeds several years af- 
terwards, but the circumstances were so notorious, 
and the trustees and their representatives so honest, 
that no trouble ever arose , The Assembly, from time 
to time, as the trustees died off, elected others, and 
the practice continued until the Revolution, when 
the State of Pennsylvania assumed a riglit to hold 
property, which the humbler Province seemed doubt- 
ful of possessing. In February, 1736, Edmund 
Wooley, and Ebenezer Tomlinson presented a peti- 
tion stating that they had nearly completed what they 
had undertaken to perform and asking some instruc- 
tions as to finisliing the building. It was resolved, 
that to wainscot along the inside of the State House 
was tiien too great a charge for tiie Province to bear, 
and tiiat wainscoting a part might be lost when the 
whole came to be linished. It was therefore or- 
dered'that the inside of the building sliould be plas- 
tered, •' a proper cornish put around the room, next 
the ceiling, and surbace below." From this It 
seems that the previous orders to tinish the chamber 



14 

for the Assembly room, with wainscot were sus- 
pended. A very important resolution was passed 
February 20, 1736, by which the lots at soutliwest 
corner of Chestnut and Fifth streets, and southeast 
corner of Chestnut and Sixtli streets, each fifty feet 
front, by seventy-three feet deep, were appropriated 
for two public buildin,i>'s of the like outward form, 
structure and dimensions, tlie one for the use of the 
County, the other for tlie use of the City of Phila- 
delphia, and are '' to be for the holding of Courts, or 
common halls, and not for private dwellings." Di- 
rections were given to the trustees to convey the lots 
to tlie County and City, if within twenty years 
they should erect the proposed buildings upon pay- 
ment of the value of the ground when originally 
purchased. Tiie accounts of the commissioners for 
building the State House were audited in 1738 
Hamilton had expended £4043, 16s. lid. on account 
of the State House, and was allowed for Commis- 
sions, services, etc., £402, 3s. 9.K1. There were 
still.owing small bills amounting to £220, 17s. 6d. , 
making the whole of Hamilton's outlay £4666, 17s. 
lid. Among the credits was £17. " for an old 
house, sold Caleb Ransted." Lawrence had paid 
£399, 19s. 3d., and Kearsley, £550. Both of these 
gentlemen had money in their hands and were 
allowed a small commission. In 1739, sundry 
proposals for finishing the rooms of the State 
House were agreed to, and it was resolved to 
to enclose the ground with a wall in the ensuing 
spring. It is probable, that by the end of 1744, the 
building was finished according to the original plan, 
and occupied, as Edmund Wooley's bill was then 



15 

presented and nothing more appea^i'S on the minutes 
of the Assembly, on the subject. 

The State House, as tlien finished, had no steeple, 
and it presented an appearance very much like it 
does now in front, with the exception that the door- 
way was plain and made in the same style as the 
window frames. The present door-way was put up 
long after the original builders of the btate House 
were in their graves ; and the present entrance, as 
we now have it, was copied by some of our County 
Commissioners, from the doorway then in front of 
St. James' Church, in Seventh above Market street. 
The hall ran through the centre from north to south, 
the building being of an oblong sliape. The back 
door was where is now the interior archway leading 
into the hall, where the doorway is placed and which 
is the base of the tower sustaining the steeple. Ad- 
joining the main building, fronting on Chestnut 
street, were the piazas and the square buildings used 
for offices, each of which had six windows front in 
the second story, and two doors and four windows 
below. The roofs were quadrangular; four chim- 
neys rising above tliese houses suggested that these 
were, probably four rooms on each floor. East and 
west of these buildings were, at the time of which 
I write (1745), low brick walls, extending to Fifth 
and Sixth streets and along the same, the tops 
shielded with shingles, as the walls of open bridges 
on County roads. 

On the 27th of February, 1750, the Assembly de- 
termined that a building should be erected " on the 
south side of the State House, to contain a staircase, 
with a suitable place for hanging a bell." This 
erection, afterwards called ''the new edition to the 



16 

State House," was- the beil tower, and the place for 
hanging the bell was in a steeple, as the aspiring am- 
bition of our ancestors then determined. There was 
already a bell belonging to the Assembly, probably 
the same one that had been used to call the mem])ers 
togetlier at the commencement of the sessions, which 
is spoken of in the rules of order, as "the ringing 
of the bell." The superintendents were directed, in 
October, 1751, "to get a bell of such dimensions and 
weight as they sljould think suitable." 

" June 7tli, 1753. Last week was raised and fixed 
in the State House steeple, the new, great bell, cast 
here by Pass and Stow, weighing 2,080 pounds, with 
this motto " Proclaim liberty throughout all the 
land, to all the inhabitants thereof." 

The people of that day were right loyal. They 
could not have forseen how opposite the chosen in- 
scription would become in the coarse of events, of 
which they could not have the remotest anticipation. 
That bell did "Proclaim liberty throughout the 
land." Thus was finished, by the hanging of that 
bell, the building of the State House, an operation 
that occupied twenty years from the time it was 
commenced imtil the steeple was finished. The 
carved work of the interior of the main building, 
was executed by Brian Wilkinson, to whom an ap- 
propriation of £85 was made in 1764. The clock 
was made by Peter Stretch, a resident of the City, 
whose location was at the southeast corner of Front 
and Chestnut streets. When the State House was 
finished, the last room, first fioor (Independence 
Hall), was occupied by tlie Assembly, the west room 
(National Museum), by the Supreme Court. The 



17 

Philadelphia Library Company was granted the use 
of one of the upper chambers. There was a room 
called the long gallery, or lobby, and the Governor 
and Provincial Council used one of the upper apart- 
ments. Up to 1762, the State House yard occupied 
only one-half the square. On Walnut street the 
property belonged to private persons, and there were 
some houses upon their lots. The estates fronting 
on Walnut street, were then purchased by the trus- 
tees for the Province, from Thomas Gordon, Robert 
Tempest, Joseph Shippen, Jr., John Chappel, David 
Ervin, and John Townsend, whose brick house was 
at the corner of Sixth street. Thus the whole of the 
State House yard (Independence Square), became 
the property of the public. The lots at Fifth and 
Chestnut streets, and Sixth and Chestnut streets, 
were conveyed to the City and to the County, for a 
City Hall and Court House, hi 1763, on payment of 
£50, of the width of 50 feet and depth of 72 feet. 
In 1787, an additional 15 feet was granted in the 
depth , making the lot 88 feet deep. 

In 1775, the Provincial Assembly, and Congress 
also, met there. When the Assembly was in session, 
Congress probably met in the Supreme Court room, 
on the west of the main entrance. During the vaca- 
tion of the Legislature, the Assembly room, being 
the most convenient and specially fitted up for the 
use of a legislative body, was used by the Continental 
delegates. On the 7th of January, 1776, Eichard 
Henry Lee, of Virginia, moved in Congress, then 
sitting at the State House, " that the United Colo- 
nies are, and of right ought to be free and indei^end- 
ent States ; and that all political connection between 
them and tlie State of Gi-eat Britain is, and ought to 
3 



18 . 

be totally dissolved. " This matter was debated until 
the 1st of July, when the resolution was adopted in 
those words. This was, therefore, really the Decla- 
ration of Independence. While the subject was 
under consideration, a committee, composed of 
Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Frank- 
lin, Roger Sherman, and Robert P. Livingston, had 
been appointed to set forth the reasons for the step. 
This committee reported the draft of a proper docu- 
ment, on the 28th of June, but it had not been con- 
sidered on the 1st of July, when Independence was 
declared. It was taken up immediately afterwards, 
and after debate and amendment, was adopted as 
we now see it, on the 4th of July, 1776, 

The Council of Safety resolved that the Declara- 
tion should be proclaimed at the State House, by 
the Sheriff of the county of Philadelpliia. This task 
was executed accordingly, the Declaration behig 
read to the people, on the 8th of July, by John 
Nixon, on behalf of the Sheriff. Three cheers were 
given wlien the reading was finished. Nine Asso- 
ciators, previously appointed by the Committee of 
Inspection, then took down the Kings Arms in the 
Supreme Court room of the State House, and they 
were burned on the Conmions. In the afternoon the 
five battalions of Associators assembled on the 
Commons, and the Declaration was read at the head 
of each regiment. It was election dav also at the 
State House, and members of the Assembly were 
voted for amid the confusion made by the ringing of 
the State House bell and other bells, and by tlie light 
of bonfires at night. 

In A]">ril, 1781, the Assembly passed a, resolu- 
tion that tlie State House steeple should be taken 



19 

down. The work was done during the summer of 
1781. The wooden steeple was taken down to the 
brick work on the tower. The latter was covered 
with a hip roof, from which ascended a short and ta- 
pering spire, on the roof, the bell was suspended 
in an open belfry supported by four posts The ma- 
chinery of the clock, was in the centre of the main 
building, the faces displayed toward Fifth and Sixth 
streets. They resembled, in fashion , those tall, eight- 
day clocks which we often see in old, family mansions 
The faces were decorated in the eight-day clock 
style, with a pediment and side pillars. The clock 
case, or an imitation of it, was of dressed stone, ex- 
tended to tlie ground. On each side of the clock 
case facing toward Fifth and Sixth streets, were two 
windows that opened respectively into the Assembly 
rooms, or Hall of Indei^endence, and the Supreme 
Court room. A door-way, with liigh wooden steps, 
also led from tlie yard into the Court room upon the 
west end of the structure. 

In 1777-8, the British made of the State House, 
alternately, a hospital and a prison. After the bat- 
tle of Germantown, October 4th, 1777, the wounded 
were brouglit into the City. The Americans were 
taken to the State House. There in the great hall, 
in the Assembly room, and upon the steps were 
placed the bleeding and ghastly bodies of the suffer- 
ers in that memorable action. 

At the State House, in July, 1778, the City being 
free from the English invaders, was performed a very 
important ceremony, in the reception of Conrad 
Alexander Gerard, the tirst Minister from Fiance to 
the United States. 



20 

After the declarjition of peace, when the minds of 
the people became turned toward the improvement 
of the City, many matters that had been considered 
necessary, before the commencement of the Revolu- 
tionary struggle, again pressed themselves upon their 
attention; among others was the improvement of 
the State House lot, by the erection of new, public 
buildings. Neither City nor County had been able 
to take advantage of the permission given by the 
grant of Assembly, 1762, by the institution of meas- 
ures for the erection of a Court House and City 
Hall. In 1785, the Assembly gave direction that tlie 
old jail, at Third and Market streets, should be sold ; 
and of the money received for the same, £3,000 should 
be appropriated to the County of Philadelphia, for 
the erection of a Court House at Sixth and Chest- 
nut streets, and £3000 to the City for the erection of 
a City Hall at Fifth and Chestnut streets. The 
County was the earliest to carry out the provisions 
of this law. In the spring of 1787, work was com- 
menced on the Court House, tlie cellars of which 
were dug by the convicts, commonly called " Wheel- 
barrow Men." In 1790, the City Hall was com- 
menced, and was finished in the succeeding year. 
The Court House was given up for the use of Con- 
gress, during the time the seat of government was 
located in the City. The Senate occupied the south 
room, second story, now Court of Common Pleas 
'No. 2. The House of Representatives had the north 
room, first floor, now in possession of the Highway 
Department. 

Under the Confederacy, Kew York was chosen as 
the seat of government; but after the adoption of 
the Constitution, Philadelphia was selected to be the 



21 

pliice of meeting of Congress for ten years, until the 
new Federal Capital, in the District of Columbia, 
was properly prepared by the erection of buildings, 
etc. Gen. Washington spent nearly the whole of his 
Presidential life in Philadelplna, and John Adams, 
the greater part of his official term also. During 
this period, the State House was the scene of 
many memorable debates and most important trans- 
actions, a full account of Avhich, would belong more 
properly to a history of Congress. In 1800, the seat 
of Federal Government was removed to Washing- 
ton, and the same year the State Legislature ceased 
to meet in Philadelphia. 

In May, 1787, the Federal Convention met at the 
State House, for the purpose of forming the Consti- 
tution of the United States. General George Wash- 
ington presided, and Major William Jackson, Avas 
Secretary. After sitting with closed doors until the 
18th of September following, tlie body adjourned, 
having accomplished the object for which it was 
created. The adoption of the Constitution was cele- 
brated with a grand procession, which took place 
July 4th, 1788, and it was long talked of as the most 
splendid dsplay of the kind ever made in Philadel- 
phia. In 1812, the County Commissioners obtained 
permission from tlie State Legislature, to demolish 
the old arcades, etc., east and west of the main 
building of the State House, and to erect the present 
-County offices. The latter were put up in 1813 ; and 
are popularly known as "State House liow. " About 
the time this improvement was made, the remainder 
of the old wall which enclosed the Square^ was cut 
down, and iron railing was put up at a cost of about 
$7,000. A portion of the necessary funds was raised 



22 

l)y i>rivMte subscription. A number of years before 
t licit time, a portion of the wall was cut down and 
railing was placed upon it. 

In 1818, the State conveyed to the City of Phila- 
delphia, the State House, with its appurtenant build- 
ings, and sold to the City all the remainder of the 
Square, except that occupied by the Hall of the Philo- 
sophical Society, on the payment of $70,000. There 
was a proviso appended to this transl'er, to the eifect 
'' that no part of said ground lying to the southward 
of the State House, within the wall as it is now 
built, be made use of for erecting any sort of build- 
ings tliereon ; but the same shall be and remain a 
public green and walk forever." 

On the 7tli of February, 1828, Mr. Francis Gurney 
Smith, a member of Common Council, introduced 
the following resolution : 

Resolved by the Select and Common Council, That 
a joint committee of two members from each Coun- 
cil, be appointed to have the turret in the rear of the 
State House surveyed, and if found adapted to tlie 
purpose, to procure a plan and estimate of the cost 
of carrying it up to a height sufficient to place a 
clock and bell therein, to be called the " City Clock," 
from which the time for the whole city can be regu- 
lated. 

This resolution was adopted, and the following- 
named gentlemen were appointed to carry it into 
effect : Common Council — Francis G. Smith and 
Benjamin Tilgham; Select Council — Manuel Eyre, 
and John W. Thompson ; Mr. F. G. Smitli was made 
chairman of the joint committee, and under his su- 
pervision the steeple, as w'3 now see it, was erected. 



23 



Mr. William Strickland was the architect who had 
charge of the w^ork, and the steeple was modeled 
after the original structure, except that sixty feet 
were added to its height, to render it less squatty in 
appearance ; and in the place of four Venetian win- 
dows, tlie present clock-dials were introduced. 




THE NEW STATE HOUSE, 

The clock whicli was made for the new steeple, 
was constructed by Tsaiah Lukens, a very ingenious 
mechanic, at a cost of $2,075. A bell weighing 4275 
pounds, was cast by J. Wilbank, at a cost of $2,157. 
This bell did not give satisfaction, and it was replaced 



24 

by another, cast by the same person, and weighing 
4600 pounds. Tliis was subsequently cracked, and 
the present bell was put up in its place. 

The total cost of repairing the building, erecting 
the steeple, and furnishing tiie latter with a clock 
and bell, was $16,608 

Old Independence Bell was kept as a fire bell, and 
as a medium upon which to strike the hour, until 
the new clock and bell were in working order, when 
it was removed from under its pent roof on the main 
building, and placed in honorable retirement in the 
steeple. There it was only rung on the 4th of July, 
or tolled upon the occasion of the death of some dis - 
tinguished man. It finally became so badly cracked 
as to be useless, and after Consolidation, it was taken 
down stairs and it now rests in state, in the entrance- 
hall. 

In 1824, when Lafayette visited Philadelphia, he 
had a grand popular reception in the old Hall, and 
tills seems to have been among the first events, whicli 
showed that there was much appreciation of the his- 
torical interest attached to the room. The building 
of the new steeple, in 1829, seems to have aroused 
public spirit in the matter, and upon the 8th of July, 
1830, petitions were sent into City Councils, asking 
that the Hall should be restored, as nearly as possi- 
ble, to its original condition. The historical asso- 
ciation of the place, were appropriately referred to 
in their petition ; and the petitioners asked that the 
old carvings, etc., should be restored, that the 
walls should be covered with the portraits of the 
great men of the Revolution, commencing with 
Washington, and tliat for the future the apart- 
ment should be devoted to " dignified purposes 



25 

only." The going into effect of Consolidation in 
1854, effected a very desirable change in tlie man- 
agement of the Hall. The room was put in excellent 
condition, old Independence bell was mounted upon 
a handsome pedestal ; the walls were decorated with 
the portraits of the soldiers and statesmen of the 
revolution, purchased at the sale of the Peale gallery, 
in October, 1854, and it was made the special duty of 
a janitor to take charge of the apartment, and to at- 
tend to the visitors who go thither. 

When Consolidation took place in 1854, the old 
Council Chambers in the second story of the City 
Hall, at Fifth and Chestnut streets, were found to be 
too small for the largely increased size of the bodies 
meeting in tliem, and the entire second story of the 
main building of the State House was torn out and 
converted into meeting places for the City Legisla- 
ture. Select, and Common Council now meet there 
weekly. 

The wide side-walk in front of the State House 
Row, is paved with slate, wliich forms an admirable 
pavement. In front of the entrance to Independence 
Hall, a Statute of Washington was erected on the 
4th of July, 1869, by the Washington Monument 
Association of the First School District of Pennsyl- 
vania, Tlie square has been liandsomely laid out 
during the past year. 



26 



OF THE 

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, 
From 1774 to 1876. 



THE CONTINENTAL CONGKESS. 

First Congress, Sept. 5, 1774. Peyton Randolph, 
of Virginia, President. Born in Virginia, in 1732. 
Died at Philadelphia, October 22, 1785. Charles 
Thompson, of Pennsylvania, Secretary. Born in 
Ireland, in 1730. Died in Pennsylvania, August 16, 
1824. This patriot was Secretary of all the Con- 
gresses in session during the Revolution, and until 
March 3, 1789. 

Second Congress, May 10, 1775, Peyton Randolph, 
President, resigned May 24, 1775. 

John Hancock, of Massachusetts, elected his suc- 
cessor. He was born at Quincy, Massachusetts, 
1737, died October 8, 1793. He was President until 
October, 1777. Henry Laurens, of South Carolina, 
President from November 1, 1777 to December, 1778. 
Born at Charleston, S. C, 1724. Died in South 
Carolina, December, 1792. 

John Jay, of New York, President from December, 
10, 1778, to September 27, 1779. Born in New York 



27 

City, December 12, 1745. Died at New York, May 
17, 1829. 

Samuel Hnntin^don, of Connecticut, President 
fi-om September 28, 1779, to July 10, 1781. He was 
born in Connecticut, in 1732. Died 1796. 

Tliomas McKean,of Pennsylvania, President from 
July 10, 1781, until N'ovember 5, 1781. He Avas born 
in Pennsylvania, March 19, 1734. Died at Philadel- 
phia, June 24, 1817. 

John Hanson, of Maryland, President from :N'o- 
vember 5, 1781, to November 4, 1782. He was born 
Died 1783. 

Elias Bondinot, of New Jersey, President from 
November 4, 1782, until Feliruary 4, 1783. Born at 
Philadel])hia, May 2, 1740. Died 1824. 

Thomas Mifflin, of Pennsylvania, President from 
February 4, 1783, to November 30, 1784. Born at 
Philadelphia, 1744. Died in the same city, January 
21, 1800. 

Richard Henry Lee, of Virginia, President from 
November 30, 1784, to November 23, 1785. Born in 
Virginia 1732. Died 1794. 

John Hancock, of Massachusetts, President from 
November 23, 1785, until June 6, 1786. 

Natlianiel Gorham, of Massachusetts, President 
from June 6, 1786, to February 2, 1787. Born at 
Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1738. Died June 11, 
1796. 

Arthur St. Clair, of Pennsylvania, President from 
February 2, 1787 to January 28, 1788. Born in Edin- 
burg, Scotland, . Died in 1818, 

Cyi'us Griffin, of Virginia, President from Janu- 
PTv 28, 1788, to the end of the Congress under the 
Confederation, March 3, 1789. Bom in England, 
1748. Died in Virginia, 1810. 



28 



UNDER THE CONSTITUTION 

1789 to 1793. 

George Washington, of Virginia, inaugurated as 
President of the United States, April 30, 1789. Born 
in Virginia, February 22, 1732. Died at Mount 
Vernon, December 14, 1799. 

John Adams, of Massachusetts, Vice President 
Born at Braintree, Massachusetts, October 19, 1735. 
Died July 4, 1826, near Quincy, Massachusetts. 

1793 to 1797. 
George Washington, President, inaugurated March 
4, 1793. John Adams, Vice President. 

1797 to I 801. 

John Adams, President, inaugurated Marcli 4, 
1797. Tiiomas Jefferson, of Virginia, Vice Presi- 
dent. Born at Shadwell, Virginia, April 13, 1743. 
Died at Monticello, Virginia, July 4, 1826. 

I 801 to 1805. 
Thomas Jeiferson. President, inaugurated March 
4, 1801. Aaron Burr, of 2^ew York, Vice President. 
Born at Newark, N. J., February 6, 1756. Died at 
Staten Island, N. Y., September 14, 1836. 

1805 to 1809. 
Thomas Jefferson, President, inaugurated March 
4, 1805. George Clinton, of New York, Vice Presi- 
dent. Born in Ulster county, N. Y., 1739. Died in 
Washington, D. C, April 20, 1812. 

1809 to 1813. 

James Madison, of Virginia, President, inaugu- 
rated March 4, 1809. Born March 16, 1751, in Prince 



29 

George county, Virginia, and died at Montpelier, 
Virginia, June 28, 1836. George Clinton, of N. Y., 
Vice President, until bis death, Api'il 20, 1812. 
1813 to 1817. 

James Madison, of Virginia, President. Elbridge 
Gerry, of Massachusetts, Vice President, until his 
death, IS'ovember 23, 1814. Born at Marblehead, 
Massachusetts, July 17, 174-4, and died at Washing- 
ton, I). C. 

1817 to 1821. 

James Monroe, of Virginia, President, inaugu- 
rated March 4, 1817. Born in Westmoreland county, 
Virghiia, 1759. Died hi Xew York, July 4, 1831. 

Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York, Vice President. 
Born June 21, 1774, at Fox Meadows, New York. 
Died at Staten Island, June 11, 1825. 
1821 to 1825. 

James Monroe, President. Daniel D. Tompkins, 
Vice President. 

1825 to 1829. 

John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts, President, 
inaugurated March 4, 1825. Born at Quincy, Mas- 
sachusettss, July 11, 1767. Died at Washington 
City, February 23, 1848. 

John Caldwell Calhoun, of South Carolina, Vice 
President. Born hi Abberville district, S. C, March 
18, 1782. Died March 31, 1850, at Washington City. 
1829 to 1833. 

Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee, President, inaug- 
urated March 4, 1829. Born in Mecklenbuig 
county. North Carolina, March 15, 1767. Died in 
Tennessee, June 8, 1845. 



30 

John Caldwell Calhoun, Vice President, until liih 
resignation, December 28, 1832. 
1833 to 1837. 
Andrew Jackson, President, inangurated March 
4, 1833, Martin Van Buren, of :N'ew York, Vice 
President. Born at Kindeihook, Xew York, Decem- 
ber 5, 1782. Died in 1862. 

1837 to 1841. 
Martin Van Buren, President, inaugurated March 
4, 1837. Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky, Vice 
President. Born in 1780. Died Nov. 19, 1850. 
1841 to 1845. 

William Henry Harrison, of Ohio, President, until 
his death, at Washington, April 4, 1841. He was 
inaugurated March 4, 1841 . Born in Berkeley county 
Virginia, February 9, 1773. John Tyler, of Vir- 
ginia, Vice President. Born April 1790, at Green- 
way, Charles county, Virginia. Died in Richmond, 
Virginia, January 17, 1862. John Tyler, of Vir- 
ginia, became president by the death of William H. 
Harrison. 

1845 ^o 1849. 

James Knox Polk, of Tennessee, President, inaugu- 
rated March 4, 1845. Born in Mecklenburg county, 
Xorth Carolina, November 2, 1795. Died at Nash- 
ville, Tennessee, June 15, 1849. George Mifflin Dal- 
las, of Pennsylvania, Vice President. Born in 
Philadelphia, July 10, 1792 Died Dec. 31, 1864. 
1849 to 1853. 

Zachary Taylor, of Louisiana, President, inaugu- 
ratf^d March 4, 1849. Born in Orange county, Vir- 
ginia, in 1784. Died at Washington C 'ity, July 9, 1850. 



31 

Millard Fillmore, of New York, Vice President. 
Born in Locke township, Cayuga county, IST. Y., 
January 7, 1800. 

Millard Fillmore, President after the death of 
Zachary Taylor. 

1853 to 1857. 

Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire, President, 
inaugurated March 4, 1853. Born at Hillsborough, 
N. H., ISTovember 23, 1804. Died October, 1869. 

William R. King, of Alabama, Vice President. 
Born in North Carolina, April 7, 1786. Died at 
Cohawba, Alabama, April 18, 1853. 
1857 to 1861. 

James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, President. 
Born in Franklin county. Pa., April 22, 1791. Died 
at Wheatl;i,nd, near Lancaster, Pa., June 1, 1868. 

John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky, Vice Presi- 
dent. Born near Lexington, Ky., January 21, 1821. 
1861 to 1865. 

Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois, President, inaugu- 
rated Marcli 4, 1861. Born in Hardin county, Ken- 
tucky, February 12, 1809. Shot by J . Wilkes Booth, 
at Ford's Theatre, April 14, 1865. Died the follow- 
ing morning. 

Hanibal Hamlin, of Maine, Vice President. Born 
in Maine, 1809. 

1865 to 1869. 

Abraham Lincoln, President until his death. 

Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, Vice President. 
Born in Raleigh, N. C. , 1808. Died in Centre county, 
Tennessee, July 30, 1875. 

Andrew Johnson, became President after the death 
of Abraham Lincoln, 



32 

1869 to 1873. 

Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois, President, inaugn- 

ratecl March 4, 1869. Born at Mount Pleasant, Ohio, 

April 27, 1822. Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana, Vice 

President. Born in New York City, March 23, 1823. 

1873 to 1877. 

Ulysses S. Grant, President. 

Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts, Vice President. 
Born at Farraington, IST. H., February 16, 1812. 
Died at Washington City, November 22, 1875. 



34 



CENTENNIAL. 

The International Exliibition, to be held in Phila- 
delpliia, at Fairmount Park, (opens May 10, closes 
]N'ovember 10,) covers 450 acres of ground. There 
will be nearly 200 buildings erected within tlie enclo- 
sure, and nearly six miles of narrow gauge track on 
which will be run handsome palace cars, propelled 
by steam for the conveyance of visitors from one 
building to another. The ground will be laid out in 
walks and flower-beds, whicli will present a beauti- 
ful appearance. On entering the grounds at Belmont 
Avenue, you see on one side the Board of Finance 
Building, on the other, the office of the Centennial 
Commission, immediately beyond these buildings, 
on the west side of the Avenue, is the Machinery 
Hall, 1402 feet in length and 360 feet in width, on 
the east side, the Main Exhibition Building, 1880 
feet in length and 464 feet in width, next, on the 
east side of the Avenue, we have the Photographic 
Association Building, in the rear of this the Build- 
ing for the Judges, and one for Japan, next, about 
opposite the centre of tlie Main Building, is the Art 
Gallery or Memorial Hall, 365 feet in length and 
210 feet in width ; crossing the bridge on the north 
side of the structure, we come upon tlie Horticultu- 
ral Hall 383 feet in length and 193 feet in width, 
near which we find the German Restaurant. Walk- 
ing in front of Horticultural Hall, among the beau- 
tiful plants, we find on reacliiiig the avenue that we 
have arrived at the Womans' Pavilion : nearly oppo- 
site, on the west side of the avenue, is the Govern- 
ment Building, and Hospital, between whicli and 
Machinery Hall, is the French Restaurant, also the 



Lake ; on the north and west the buildings of the 
different States, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illi- 
nois, Michigan, Wisconsin, New Hampshire, Con- 
necticut, Massachusetts, and New York, extending 
east, until 3^ou come upon the English Buildings, 
which are at the foot of George's Hill, between this 
and Machinery Hall, is the T. A. B. Fountain, 
coming back to the avenue, we have next to the 
Woman's Pavilion, New Jersey, Kansas, and tlie 
Southern Kestaurants, the avenue making a curve 
at this point leads us to the Agricultural Hall, 820 
feet in length and 540 feet in width , and the Ameri- 
can Restaurant. Many other buildings occupying 
intermediate space, 



38 



THE STREETS. 

The greater part of Philadelphia is laid out in 
parallelograms, with the streets at right angles to 
escli other, makhig the system of numbering houses 
a simple one. The houses on the streets running 
east and west are numbered by hundreds, beginning 
at Front street, near the Delaware Kiver. The 
houses on the south side bear even numbers, those 
on the north side uneven numbers. Thus on tlie 
north side of Chestnut street, beginning at Broad, 
(14th street,) and going west, the numbers are 1401, 
1403, 1405, etc. On the south side the numbers are 
1400, 1402, 1404, etc. At Fifteenth street the num- 
bers in 1500 begin, and so each street begins a 
hundred of its own number. 

Market street is taken as a dividing line between 
north and soutli. Tlie even numbers are on tlie west 
side of these streets, the uneven numbers on the east 
side— No. 1 " I«forth " and No. 1 " South " begin at 
Market street. No. 100 North ^pegins at Arch 
street, the first principal street north of Market; 
No. 100 South begins at Ciiestnut,the first principal 
street south of Market. The following are the 
names of the streets running parallel to Market 
street, north and south thereof. The num))ers sig- 
nify the number which is given to the houses north 
or south, as the case may be, of the streets to which 
it is attached. Those streets having no numbers are 
narrow or short streets, between the principal 
avenues. 



40 



NORTH. 

1 Market, 

Filbert, 
100 Arch, Cherry, 
200 Race, 

Branch, (new) 
300 Vine, 

Wood, 
400 Callowhill, 

Willow, Noble, Hamilton, 
500 Buttonwood, 

Spring Garden, 
600 Green, 

Mt. Vernon,Wallace, 

Melon, 
700 Fairmount Ave., 

Olive, 
800 Brown, 

Parrish, Ogden, 
900 Poplar, 

Laurel, Beaver, George, 
1200 Girard Avenue, 

Stiles, 
1300 Thompson, 
1400 Master, 
1500 Jefferson, 
1600 Oxford, 
1700 Columbia Avenue, 
1800 Montgomery Avenue, 
1900 Berks, 
2000 Norris, 
2100 Diamond, 
2200 Susquehanna, 
2300 Dauphin, 
2400 York, 
2500 Cumberland, 
2600 Huntingdon, 
2700 Lehigh Avenue, 
2800 Somerset, 
2900 Cambria, 
3000 Indiana, 
3100 Clearfield, 
3200 Allegheny, 



SOUTH. 

1 Market, 

Jayne, Merchant, Miaor^ 
100 Chestnut, 

Sansom, Library, Dock, 
200 Walnut, 

Locust, 
300 Spruce, Union, 
400' Pine, 

500 Lombard, Gaskill, 
600 South, 
700 Bainbridge, 

Monroe, Fitzwater, Ger- 
man, 
800 Catharine, 

Queen, 
900 Christian. 

Mariott, 
1000 Carpenter, 
1100 Washington Avenue, 

Ellsworth, 
1200 Federal, 
1300 Wharton, 
1400 Eeed, 
1500 Dickinson, 

Greenwich, 
1600 Tasker. 
]700 Morris, Pierce, 
1800 Moore, 

Siegel, 
1900 Mifflin, 
2000 McKean, 
2100 Snyder, 
2200 Jackson, 
2300 Wolf, 
2400 Kitner, 
2500 Porter, 
2600 Sliunk, 
2700 Oregon Avenue, 
2800 Johnson, 
2900 Bigler, 
3000 Pollock, 
3100 Packer, 
3200 Gurtin, 



41 



RAILWAY DIRECTORY. 

Single fare, 7 cents, or four tickets for 25 cents ; 
good on any passenger railway in tlie city ; children 
under ten j^ears of age, 4 cents. All railroads run- 
ning east and west, excliange with those running 
north and soutli, and those running north and south 
exchange with those running east and west, " ex- 
cepting Kidge Avenue, and Union Line. " Exchange 
tickets, 9 cents, good only from the junction, and on 
tiie day issued. 

Philadelphia City P. R. W. Co., (Chestnut and 
Walnut streets. ) Main Line— Depot, 42d and Chest- 
nut streets. Green car, Red light. Route— Down 
Chestnut to Front, to Walnut, to 22d, to Chestnut, 
to Depot. 

Eairmount Park Branch, Depot, Belmont and 
Columbia Avenue. Yellow car. Maroon light : 
Route — Down Belmont avenue to Lancaster avenue, 
to 32d street, to Chestnut, to Pront, to Walnut, to 
22d, to Chestnut, to 32d, to Lancaster avenue, to 
Belmont avenue, to Centennial Grounds. 

Darby Branch, Depot, 49th and Woodland ave- 
nue. Red car. White light. Route — Down Darby 
road, to Woodland avenue, to Chestnut, to Front, 
to Walnut, to 22d, to Chestnut, to Woodland ave- 
nue, to Darby road, to Darby. 

Mount Moriah Branch. Blue car, White light, 
Route — Same as Darby Branch, as far as Mount 
Moriah lane. 

West Philadelphia P. R. W. Co., (Market street). 
Main Line — Depot. 41st and Ilaverford avenue. 
6 



Yellow car, Eed light. Route— Down 41st street to 
Market, to Front. Returning over same route. 

Centennia 1 Building Branch . Blue car , Red light . 
Route— Concourse, Belmont and Elm avenue, down 
Elm avenue to 40th street, to Market, to Eront ; re- 
turnhig on Market street to 41st street, to Elm ave- 
nue, to the passenger railway concourse. 

Haddington Branch. Green car, Green light 
Route — Erom Front, out Market to 41st. to Haver- 
ford road, to 67th; returning to 65th, to Yine, to 
Haverford avenue, to 41st, to Market, to Front. 

Hestonville, Mantua and Fairmount P. R. W. Co. 
Depot, 43d ahd Lancaster avenue. Yellow car. Red 
light. Route— Down Lancaster avenue, to Haver- 
ford avenue, to lower deck of Fairmount bridge, to 
Callowhili, to 22d, to Race, to Second, to Walnut, to 
Dock, to Thii'd, to Yine, to 23d, to Spring Garden, 
to upper deck of Fairmount bridge, to West Phila- 
delphia, to Lancaster avenue, to Belmont avenue, to 
Centennial Buildings, Hestonville Branch. Green 
car, Red light. Route — Out Lancaster avenue to 
52d street, and return to Depot at 43d street, by 
same route. 

Arch Street Branch, Depot 26th and Callowhili 
streets. Yellow car, Green light. Route— Down 
Hamilton to 25th, to Spring Garden, to 20th, to 
Arch, to 2d; returning up Arch, to 21st, to Cal 
lowhill, to Depot, with passes to Centennial Build- 
ings. 

People's P. R. W. Co., (Callowhili street.) Yel- 
low car. Yellow light. Depot, Broad and Callowhili 
streets. Route — From Park entrance, to Biddle 
street, to 24th, to Callowhili, to Front, to Yine, to 
Delaware avenue; returning along Yine, to Yoik 



avenue, to Callowhill, to Schuylkill rivei-, and the 
Park entrance. 

Green and C'oates Streets P. R. W. Co. Depot, 
Pairmount avenue and 24th street. Green car. Red 
light. Route — From entrance to Pairmount Park, 
along Pairmount avenue to 22d, to Green, to 4th, 
to Dickinson, to 8th, to Pairmount avenue, to the 
Park. Each alternate car of this line, turns up 
Walnut street. 

Delaware River Branch. Green car, Green light, 
Route — Up Beach to Pairmount avenue, to 8th ; 
returning, down Pairmount avenue to 4th street, to 
Green, to Beach. 

Germantown P. R. W; Co. (4th and 8th streets). 
Depot, 8th and Dauphin streets. Yellow car, Green 
light. Route — Down Dauphin to Germantown ave- 
nue, to 4tli street, to Dickinson, to 8th, to Columbia 
avenue, to 7th street, to Susquehanna avenue, to 
8tli, to Depot. 

Germantown Branch. Yellow car. Green light. 
Route— Leave Depot, 8th and Dauphin streets, up 
8th to Germantowni avenne, to Germantown; return- 
ing over the same route. 

Girard Avenue Branch, Depot, Girard avenue, 
west of 26th street. Yellow car, Red Light. Route 
—Along Girard avenue, to Palmer, to Beach, to 
Shackamaxon ; returning on Shackamaxon, to 
Girard avenue, to Elm avenue, to the Centennial 
Buildings; returning over the same route. 

Philadelphia and Gray's Perry P. R. W. Co., 
(Spruce and Pine streets,) Depot 23d and Spruce 
streets. Gray's Perry Branch. White car. Red light. 
Route— Prom Gray's Perry bridge, down Gray's 
Perry road, to Christian, to 22d, to Spruce, to 3d, to 



44 

Walnut, to Dock, to 2cl, to Pine. 
Ferry road, to tlie biidge. 

Fairmount Park Branch. Eoute— Same as above 
to 23d, thence to Callowliill, to 25th, to Green street 
entrance to the Park; returnmg on 25th, to Hamil- 
ton, to 22d, to Spruce, and thence as above route. 

Lombard and South Streets P. li. W. Co., Depot, 
25th and South streets. Yellow car, Red light. 
Route — From Depot, down Lombard, to Front, to 
Dock, to Delaware avenue; returning up Dock, to 
Front, to South, to Depot. 

Southern Brancli, Depot, 13tli and Snyder avenue 
Red car. Green light. Route — From Depot, down 
Snyder avenue, to 12th, "to Dickinson, to 8th, to 
Christian, to 5th, to Lombard, to 4th, to South, t«' 
Passayunk avenue, to Mifflin, to 12th, to Snydi 
avenue, to Broad. 

Ridge Avenue P. R W. Co. , Depot, 32d and' Ridge 
avenue. Yellow car. Red Liglit. Route — Do wji 
Ridge avenue, to 10th, to Arcli, to 2d ; returning up 
Arch, to 9th, to Ridge avenue, to Depot, to east 
Park entrance. 

Manayunk Branch. Yellow car, carrying Blue 
Flag, Red light. Route — From Green lane in Mana- 
yunk, oi: Main street, to Ridge avenue, proceeding 
and returning over the same route as main line. 

Second and Third Streets P. R. W. Co., Depot, 
Frankford avenue, below Lehigh avenue. White car, 
Green light. Route — Down Frankford avenue to 
Jefferson, to 2d, to Mifflin, to 3d, to Germantown 
avenue, to Front, to Amber, to depot. 

Frankford Branch. White car, Red flag, Green 
light. Route— Up Frankford avenue to Paul street, 



45 

to bLiiiid above Ariiott street : Uom Fraiikford, 
down Main street, to Frankford avenue, to depot. 

North Pennsylvania Branch. Green car, Orange 
light. Route — Down Frankford avenue, to Hunt- 
ingdon, to Coral, to Cumberland, to Emerald, to 
Dauphin, to 2d, to Dock, to 3d, to Berks, to 2d, to 
York, to Coral, to Cumberland, to Amber, t<^ depot. 

Richmond Branch, Depot, Lehigh avenue and 
Edgmont street. . lied car. Bed light. Route— 
"Up Lehigli avenue, to Richmond, to Frankford 
avenue, to Manderson, to Beach, to Laurel, to Dela- 
ware avenue, to Fairmount avenue, to 2d, to Dock, 
to 3d, to Brown, to Beach, to Manderson, to Frank- 
ford avenue, to Girard avenue, to Norris, to Rich- 
mond, to Leliigh avenue, to depot. 

Bridesburg Branch. Vvhite car. White light. 
Route— From Depot, out Lehigh avenue, to Rich- 
mond, to Bridge, to Washington ; returning over 
same route. 

Front Street Branch. AVhite car. Route— From 
Fairmount aveiuie, and New Market, down New 
Market, to Vine, to Front, to Ciiestnut ; returning 
over same route. 

Alleghany Avenue Branch. Yellow car. White 
light. Route— Fj-om Lehigh avenue, and Richmond 
street, up Richmond to Alleghany Avenue; returning 
over same route. 

Cumberland Street Branch. White car. White 
light. Route— From Richmond,- and Cumberland 
street, up Cumberland, to Amber ; returning over 
same route. 

Frankford and Soutjiwark P. R. W. Co. (5tli and 
6th streets.) Dei)ot, Kensington avenue, and Cum- 
berland street. Yellow car, Red light. Route— 



46 

Down Kensington avenue to Front street, to Berks, 
to 6th, to Jackson, to 5tli, to Berks, to Front, to 
Kensington avenue, to depot. 

Lehigh x\. venue and Powell Street Branch. Green 
car, Green light. Route— Up Kensington avenue to 
Lehigh avenue, to 6th, down 6t]i to PoAvell, to 5th, 
to LeliT^h avenue, to Kensington avenue, to Depot. 

Frankford Steam Line. Depot, Frankford ave- 
nue and Arrott street, Frankford. Route— Down 
Frankford avenue to Kensington avenue, to Main 
Depot at Cumberland street; returning over the same 
route. 

Citizens P. R. W. Co. (10th and 11th streets). 
Depot 10th and Montgomery avenue. Yellow car. 
Red light. Route— Down 10th to Reed, to 11th, up 
11th to Diamond, to lOtli, to depot. 

Miixlin Street Branch. Yellow car. Red light. 
Route— From lOth and Reed dowii lOtli, to Mifflin, 
to 12th, up 12th to Reed, to lOth. 

Empire P. R. W. Co., (12th and lOth streets.) 
Depot 12th and Montgomery avenue. Yellow car, 
Red liglit. Route— Down 12th to Wharton, to 17th, 
to Carpenter, to 16th, to Montgomery avenue, to 
depot. 

Tliirteenth and Fifteenth Streets P. R. W. Co. 
Depot Broad, below Carpenter, Columbia Avenue 
Branch. Green car, Green light. Route— Up Car- 
penter to 15th, to Master, to Ridge avenue, to Colum- 
bia avenue, to 13th, to Carpenter, to Broad, to Depot. 

^N'orris Street Branch. Yellow car. Red liglit. 
Route — Up Carpenter to 15th, to Columbia avenue, 
to Broad, to]Srorris, to 13th, to Carpenter, to Broad, 
to depot. 

South Broad Street Branch. Yellow car, Re^, 



47 

ligiit. Route — From Depot down Broad, to Wolf, 
and up by same route. 

Kortli Broad Street Branch. Yellow car. Red 
light. Route— From Morris street, up Broad, to 
New York Railroad Junction. Returning over the 
same route. 

Seventeenth and Xinetenth Streets P. R. W. Co. 
Depot, Nineteenth and Master streets. Yellow car, 
Red light. Route— Up 19th to Norris, to 17th, to 
Ridge| avenue, to Francis street, to 17tii, to Carpen- 
ter, to 19th, to depot. 

Union P. R. W. Co. (Fairmount Park and Navy 
Yard Branch.) Depot 23d and Brown. Yellow car, 
Red light. Route — From Brown street entrance to 
Park, down Brown to 23d, to Wallace, to Franklin, to 
Race, to 7th, to Federal, to Front, to Wharton, to 
9th, to Spring Garden, to 23d, to Brown, to Fair- 
mount Park. 

Richmond Branch. Depot, Thompson and Norris 
streets. Green car. Green light. Route— Down 
Thompson to Marlborough, to Belgrade, to Frank- 
ford avenue, to Master street, to Franklin, to Race, 
to 7th, to Passyunk avenue, to Ellsworth, to Broad, 
to ]5altimore depot ; returning, up Broad to Clu'is- 
tian, to 9th, to Spring Garden, to 7th, to Oxford, to 
4th, to Xorris, to Memphis, to York, to Thompson, 
to depot. 

Columbia Avenue Branch. Depot, 23d and Colum- 
bia avenue. Red car. Orange light. Route — Down 
Columbia avenue to Franklin, to Race, to 7th, to 
Market to Front; returning, up Market, to 9th, to 
Spring Garden, to 7th, to Columbia avenue, to depot. 

Spring Garden and Poplar Streets Branch. Red 
car, Red light. Route — From Brown street entra nee 
to tlie Park, down Brown to 23d, to Wallace, to 22d, 



48 

to Spring Garden, to 7tti, to Poplar, to 29tb, to Fair- 
monnt Park. 

Cedar Street Branch. Green car, Green light. 
Eoute-^-From York and Cedar streets, up Cedar to 
Somerset, to Richmond ; returning over same route. 

Christian Street Branch. Depot, 7th and McKean. 
Yellow car. Red light. Route — Up McKean, to 9tli, 
to Ellswortli, to 23d, to Christian, to 7th, to depot. 

Jefferson Street Branch. Yellow car. Red light. 
Route— From 24th down Jefferson, to Franklin, to 
Thompson, to Front, to Columbia avenue, to Frank- 
lin, to Master, to 24th, to Columbia avenue, to depot 
at 23d street. 

West End P. R. W. Co. (Zoological Garden Line.) 
Route — From Woodland Cemetery, on Baltimore 
avenue, to 40th street, to Locust, to 36th, to Powel- 
ten avenue, to 35th, to Zoological Garden ; returning 
on 35th to Eadline, to 33d, to Walnut, to 36th, 
to Locust, to 38th, to Woodland avenue, to Balti- 
more avenue, with lines running to South Street 
Bridge. 

Fairmount Park line. Route — From South Street 
Bridge, to 34th and Spruce, on Spruce, to 38th, to 
Lancaster avenue, to 41st street, to Elm avenue, and 
the Centennial Buildings, to George's Hill; return- 
ing to 40th, to Locust, to 36th, to Spruce, to place of 
beginning. 

Continental P. R. W. Co. Depot 18th and Mont- 
gomery avenue. Route— Up Montgomery avenue, 
to 20th street, to "Ridge avenue, to South College 
avenue, to Corinthian avenue, to Parrish street, to 
20th, to Federal, to 18th, to Francis, to Perkiomen, 
to Vineyard; to Ridge avenue, to 18th, to depot. 
This road has a line running down Filbei't, to 7th, 
to Sausom, to 18th. 



49 

The last two roads were not completed at tlie time 
this book was written. 

RAILROAD DEPOTS. 

Pennsylvania Railroad. Thirty-first and Market 
streets, Kensington, Elm and Belmont avenues, and 
Market Street Ferry. 

Philadelphia and Reading Railroad. Thirteenth 
and Cailowiiill streets. 

Germantown and Norristown Branch. Ninth and 
Green streets. 

North Pennsylvania Railroad. Berks and Ame- 
rican streets. 

Pliiladelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad. 
Broad and Wasliington avenue. 

Camden and Atlantic Railroad. Vine Street 
Ferry. 

West Jersey Railroad. Market Street Ferry. 

West Chester and Philadelphia Railroad. Thirty- 
first and Chestnut. 

FERRY COMPANIES. 

Camden and Pliiladelphia, from foot of Market 
street, upper side, to Federal street, Camden. 

Cooper's Point, from foot of Vine street, to 
Cooper's Point. 

Gloucester, New Jersey, from foot of South street 
to Gloucester. 

Kaighn's Point, from foot of South street, upper 
side, to Kaighn's Point. 

Kensington and New Jersey, from foot of Schacka- 
maxon street, to Cooper's Point, 

West Jersey, from foot of Market street, lower 
side, to Market street Camden. 
7 



50 



PLACES OF INTEREST. 

Academy of Fine Arts, Broad and Cherry streets. 

Academy of N^atural Science, 19tli and Eace. 

American Philosophical Society, 5th below Chest- 
nut street. 

Arsenal, Frankford; take Kichniond horse-cars. 

Apprentices' Library, 5th and Arch streets. 

Blind Asylum, 20th and Kace streets. Concerts 
Wednesday afternoons. 

Blockley Almshouse, west of South Street Bridge. 

Carpenter's Hall, Carpenter's Court, Chestnut 
below Fourth ; place of meeting of tlie 1st Congress. 

Christ Church, built in 1753, 2d al)ove Market. 

Commercial Exchange, Second above Chestnut. 

County Prison or "Moyamensing," 11th andPass- 
yunk avenue. 

Custom House, Chestnut above Fourth street. 

Deaf and Dumb Asylum, Broad and Pine street. 

Franklin Institute, 7th above Chestnut street. 

Franklin's Grave, 5th and Arch streets. 

Fairmount Park, " 2991 acres," on the banks of the 
Schuylkill and Wissahickon. 

Girard College, entrance Girard avenue above 20th. 
Clergymen are not admitted, in consequence of spe- 
cial directions in Stephen Girard 's Will. 

House of Correction, near Holmesburg ; take cars 
on Pennsylvania E. E. at the Kensington depot. 

House of Eefuge, 23d and Parrish streets. 

Hospital for the Insane, (Kirkbride's,) Haverford 
avenue. West Philadelphia ; take Market street cars. 

Independence Hall, Chestnut below 6th streets. 



51 

Liiurel Hill Cemetery, Ridge avenue, take Ridge 
avenue cars or steamboat at Fairmount. 

Ledger Building, 6th and Chestnut streets. 

Masonic Temple, Broad below Arch street. 

Mercantile Library, Tenth above Chestnut street. 

Merchants' Exchange, Third and Walnut streets. 

Monument Cemetery, Broad and Berks. 

Mount Vernon Cemetery, nearly opposite Laurel 
Hill. 

ISTational Museum. Independence Hall. 

Kavy Yard, League Island, foot of Broad street. 

Naval Asylum, Gray's Ferry Road; take cars 
on Pine street, 

Northern Home for Friendless Children, 23d and 
Brown streets. 

Old Swedes' Church, oldest church in Philadel- 
phia, built in 1700, Swanson street below Christian ; 
take Second street car to Christian street. 

Penn Treaty Monument, Beach and Hanover 
streets, take Richmond car on 3d street. 

Penitentiary, (Eastern,) 21st and Fairmount 
avenue. 

Pennsylvania Hospital, 8th and J*ine streets. 

Philadelphia Library, 5th below Chestnut street. 

Post Office, Chestnut below 5th, new building 
being erected at 9th and Chestnut streets. 

Public Buildings, (new.) being erected at Broad 
and Market streets. 

Union League House, Broad above Walnut street. 

United States Mint, Chestnut below Broad street. 

University of Pennsylvania, 86th and Darby road. 

Water Works, Fairmount, in Park, east side of 
Schuylkill river, west of Green street entrance. 



52 

Woodland Cemetery, AV^oodland avenue, West 
Pliiladelpliia ; take Walnut street cars. 

Young Men's Christian Association, 1210 Chestnut 
street. New building being erected at loth and 
Chestnut streets. 

Zoological Garden, West of Girard avenue bridge. 

Height of Several Steeples, Towers, etc., 
in Philadelphia. 

West Spruce Street Presbyterian Church, Si3ruce 
and 17th streets. Steeple 248 feet. 

Masonic Temple, Broad and Filbert streets. 
Tower 240 feet. 

St. Peter's Koman Catholic Church, 5th and Gi- 
rard avenue. Steeple 235 feet. 

Methodist Episcopal Church, Broad and Arch 
streets. Steeple 233 feet. 

St. Mark's Episcopal Church, Locust, west of 16th. 
Steeple 232 feet, 7 inches. 

North Broad Street Presbyterian Churchy Broad 
and Green streets. Steeple 232 feet. 

Eirst Baptist Church, Broad and Arch streets. 
Steeple 225 feet. 

St. Mark's Lutheran Church, Spring Garden above 
Thirteenth street. Steeple 225 feet. 

St. Peter's Episcopal Church, 3d and Pine streets- 
Steeple 218 feet. 

Cathedral, Pioman Catholic Church, 18th above 
Race street. Dome 216 feet. 

Tabernacle, Baptist Church, Chestnut above 18th 
street. Steeple 212 feet. 

Alexander, Presbyterian Church, 19th and Green 
streets. Steeple 200 feet. 



53 

Aiiimuchitiou, Uomaii Catholic Church, 10th and 
Dickcrson streets. Steeple 200 feet. 

Christ Church, Episcopal, Second above Market 
street. Steeple 196 feet. 

St. Augustine, Roman Catholic Church, Fourth 
below Vine street. Steeple 188 feet. 

Fourth Baptist Church, Fifth and Buttonwood 
streets. Steeple 188 feet. 

Zion, Lutlieran Church, Franklin below Vine 
street. Steeple 186 feet. 

Oxford, Presbyterian Church, Broad and Oxford 
streets. Steeple 182 feet. 

West Arch Street, Presbyterian Church, 18th and 
Arch streets. Dome 170 feet. Towers 115 feet. 

West Philadelpliia, Baptist Church, 30th and 
Chestnut streets. Steeple 170 feet. 

^NTativity, Episcopal Church, 10th aud Mt. Ver- 
non streets. Steeple 170 feet. 

Fifth Presbyterian C.-hurch^ Arch above 10th 
street. Steeple 165 feet, 

St. .John's, German Lutheran Cliurch, loth and 
Ogden streets. Steeple 165 feet. 

State House, Chestnut below 6th street. Steeple 
160 feet. 

Assumption, Roman (Jathplic Cluu'ch, Spring 
Garden below 12th street. Steeple 160 feet. 

Berean, Baptist Church, Chestnut above 40th 
street. Steeple 160 feet. 

Fifth Baptist Church, 18th and Spring Garden 
streets. Steeple 156 feet. 

Holy Trinity, Episcopal Church, 19th and Walnut 
streets. Tower 150 feet. 

Memorial Hail , Fairmount Park. Tower 150 feet . 



54 

Shot Manufactory. Carpenter below 2d street. 
Tower 145 feet. 

St. Mary's, P. E. Clmrcli, Locust above 39tli 
street. Steeple 140 feet. 

PUBLIC SQUARES. 

Independence Square, is bounded by 5th, 6th, 
Chestnut, and Walnut streets. 

Washington Square, is bounded by 6th, 7th, Wal- 
nut, and Locust streets. 

Franklin Square, is bounded by 6th, Franklin, 
Race, and Vine streets. 

Logan Square, is bounded by 18th, 19th, Race, and 
Vine streets. 

Rittenhouse Square, is bounded by 18th, 19th, 
AYalnut and Locust streets. 

[N'orris Square, is bounded by Susquehanna ave- 
nue, Hancock, Diamond, and Howard streets. 

Jefferson Square, is bounded by 3d, 4th, and 
Federal streets, and Washington avenue. 

PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. 

Academy of Music, Broad and Locust streets. 

Walnut Street Theatre, 9th and Walnut streets. 

Chestnut Street Theatre, Chestnut above 12th. 

Arch Street Theatre, Arch above 6th street. 

Col. Wood's Museum, 9th and Arch streets. 

Antierican Theatre (Varieties), Chestnut above 
10th streets. 

Grand Central Theatre (Varieties), Walnut above 
8th street. 

Amateur Drawing Room, 17th above Chestnut. 



Arch Street Opera House (Minstrels), Arch above 
10th street. 

Eleventh Street Opera House, (Mmstrels,) 11th 
above Chestnut streets. 

Enoch's Yarieties, 7th below Arch streets. 

Kew National Theatre, (Varieties,) 10th and 
Callowhill streets. 

Kiralfy's i^ew Theatre, Broad and Locust streets. 

Miller's Summer and Winter Garden, (Varieties,) 
Vine below Eighth streets. 

Ladner's Military Hall, Summer and Winter Gar- 
den, (Varieties,) Third below Green streets. 

Wheatley Dramatic Hall, Fifth and Gaskill streets. 

Anatomical Museum, Chestnut below 8th street. 

Museum of Anatomy, Chestnut above 8th street. 

Horticultural Hall, Broad below Locust street. 

Musical Fund Hall, Locust above 8th street. 

Concert Hall, Chestnut below 13th streets. 

Assembly Buildings, 10th and Chestnut streets. 

Concordia Hall, Callowhill below 5th streets. 

Maennerchor Garden, Fairmount avenue above 
7th street. 

Principal Meeting Places of the Leading 
Secret Orders in Philadelphia. 

Masons, Masonic Temple, Broad and Filbert 
streets. 

I. O. of O. F., Odd Fellows' Hall, 6th below Kace. 

I. O. of Red Men, Red Men's Hall, 3d and Brown. 

American Mechanics, American Mechanics' Hall, 
Fourth and George streets. 

Knights of Pythias, Broadway Hall, Broad and 
Spring Garden streets. 

P. O. S. of A., Sons of America Building, 524 
North 6th street. 



r>6 



HOTELS. 



(THEIR ACCOMMODATIONS.) 

Continental Hotel, S. E. corner 9tli and Chestnut 
streets; accommodation for 1000 persons. 

Girard House, N. E. corner 9tli and Chestnut 
streets; accommodation for 800 persons. 

American Hotel, Chestnut above 6th; accommo- 
dation for 650 persons. 

Colonade Hotel, S. W. corner 15th and Chestnut 
streets; accommodation for 600 persons. 

Merchants' Hotel, 4th below Arch street; accomo- 
dation for 500 persons. 

fet. Elmo Hotel, 317 Arch street; accommodation 
for 450 persons. 

Washington Hotel, Chestnut above 7th street ; 
accommodation for 400 persons. 

La Pierre House, Broad below Chestnut street. 

Bingham House, S. E. corner 11th and Market 
streets; accommodation for 350 persons. 

St. Charles Hotel, 3d below Arch street ; accom- 
modation for 350 persons. 

St. Stephens Hotel, Cliestnut above 10th, street ; 
accommodation for 300 persons. 

St. Cloud Hotel, Arch above 7th street; accommo- 
dation for 300 persons. 

Central Avenue Hotel, Market below 9th street, 
north side ; accommodation for 300 persons. 

Eagle Hotel, 3d above Eace streets ; acommoda- 
tion for 300 persons. 

Wyoming Hotel, 445 Korth 3d street, accommoda- 
tion for 300 persons. 

St. James Hotel, Race above 3d, street ; accommo- 
dation for 250 persons. 



57 

Red Lion Hotel, 2d and Noble street ; accommo- 
dation for 225 persons. 

Irving House, Walnut above 9th street; accommo- 
dation for 200 persons. 

Markce House, Chestnut above 9th street; accom- 
modation for 200 persons. 

Arch Street House, Delaware avenue and Arch 
street ; accommodation for 150 persons. 

Ptidgway House, Delaware avenue and Market 
street; accommodation for 150 persons. 

Bald Eagle Hotel, 416 North 3d street ; accommo- 
dation for 150 persons. 

European House, 315 Arch street ; accommoda- 
tion for 150 persons. 

Commercial Hotel, 82G Market street; accommo- 
dation for 125 persons. 

Barley Sheaf Hotel, 257 North 2d street ; accom- 
modation for 125 persons. 

Montgomery Hotel,. N. E. corner 6th and Willow 
street; accommodation for 100 persons. 

Guy's Hotel, 7th and Chestnut streets ; accon)mo- 
dation for 100 persons. 

New, Centennial Hotel; accommodating from 40(1 
to 4000 persons. 

Globe Hotel, Belmont l)elow Elm avenue. 

Trans-Continental Hotel,Belmont and Elm avenue, 
opposite the Exljibition grounds. 

United States Hotel, 42d street and Cohm)biji 
avenue. 

Centennial Home, 49th street and Lancaster ave- 
nue. 

Elm Avenue Hotel, 51st street and Elm avtiuu'. 
opposite tlie Exhibition grounds. 

Grand Union Hotel, Eleventh and Cambria streets. 



58 

Aubrey House, 32d and Walnut streets. 

St. George's Hotel, Broad and Walnut streets. 

West End Hotel, Chestnut below 16th street. 

Park Avenue Hotel, 17th and Diamond street. 

Centennial Palace Hotel, Broad street above Indi- 
ana avenue. 

Peabody House, 9th below Locust street. 

The above hotels will be opened for the reception 
of guests, before tlie opening of the Exhibition. 

In private boarding houses alone, it is estimated 
that 100,000 persons can be quartered comfortably. 



CALENDAR FOR 



,876 



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■^ 


* 

V 

H 


_« 




"u 


3 

1 


1S7S 


s 


e 




a3 


V. 








J 






July 




2! 3 


4 5 


6 


7 


8 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 




9 


10 


1112 


13 


14 


15 




9 


10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 • 




IG 


17 


18 19 


20 


21 


22 




16 


17 


18 


19 


20 


21 


22 




23 


24 


25 26 


27 


28 


29 




23 


24 


25 


26 


27 


28 


29 




?0 


31 












30 


31 












Feb. 






1 2 


3 


4 


5 


Aug. 


1 


2 


3 


4 


5 : 




6 


7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 




6 


7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 




13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 


19 




13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 


19 




20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


25 


26 




20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


25 


26 




27 


28 


29 












27 


28 


29 


30 


31 






' Mar. 








1 


9 


3 


4 


Sept. 












1 


2 




5 


6 


7 


8 


9 


16 


11 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 i 




12 


13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 




10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


16 




19 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


25 




17 


18 


19 


20 


21 


22 


23 




26 


27 


28 


29 


30 


31 






24 


25 


!^fi 


27 


28 


29 


30 


April 














1 


















2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


Oct. 


1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 I 




9 


10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 




8i 9 


10 


11 


12 


13 


14 




16 


17 


18 


19 


20 


21 


22 




15 


16 


17 


18 


19 


20 


21 : 




23 


24 


25 


26 


27 


28 


29 




22 


23 


24 


25 


26 


27 


28 , 




30 
















29 


30 


''. 










May 




1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


Nov. 


1 


2 


3 


4 ' 




7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


13 




5 


6 


7 


8 


9 


10 


11 i 




14 


15 


16 


17 


18 


19 


20 




12 


13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 i 




21 


22 


23 


24 


25 


26 


27 




19 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


25 1 




28 


29 


30 


31 




... 






26 


27 


28 


29 


30 




June 










1 


2 


3 


Dec, 












\ 


2 1 
9 i 




4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 


10 




3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 




11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


16 


17 




10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


16 i 




18 


19 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 




17 


18 


19 


20 


21 


22 


23 j 




25 


26 


27 


28 


29 


30 






24 


25 


26 


27 


28 


29 


30 










"" 








31 






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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



014 314 775 7 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 314 775 7 # 



